http://articles-collections.com/ Articles at Articles Collection en-us http://articles-collections.com/publishing/great-teaching-aid-with-daleleigh-comprehensive-literature-guides.html http://articles-collections.com/publishing/great-teaching-aid-with-daleleigh-comprehensive-literature-guides.html Mon, 16 Nov 2009 11:48:52 +0200
One of the most highly recommended comprehensive literature guides available today is the DaleLeigh Curriculum guides. This guide was created especially for high school students by long-time teacher Jan Leigh and author Dale Slongwhite. Jan has fifteen years of teaching experience to back her up. Dale, on the other hand, is a writing workshop facilitator for both the young and the old. After they met in the summer of 2006, they began a series of collaborations on writing guides for middle school and high school students.

The DaleLeigh Curriculum Guides features mini-lessons that can serve as supplementary information for teachers to give to their students. Aside from that, the curriculum guide also includes vocabulary words and their meanings, a journal prompt, activity sheets, chapter quizzes and test and even possible discussion questions. In addition, the guides include end-of-book projects.

And here is even better news -- you don’t have to go bookstore hunting for these comprehensive literature guides because they are easily available over the Internet. To make purchasing easy for you, DaleLeigh Curriculum Guides are downloadable from the www.daleleigh.com website.

The authors are updating their store of comprehensive guides constantly so check back from time to time for new offerings.



]]> http://articles-collections.com/publishing/relieving-stress-with-exercise.html http://articles-collections.com/publishing/relieving-stress-with-exercise.html Wed, 30 Sep 2009 19:48:24 +0300
Relieving Stress with Exercise

Research has proven that relieving stress with exercise is one of the best ways to improve your overall health. Regular exercise provides an amazing array of anti-stress benefits to the human body -- including reduced muscle tension, improved cardiovascular functioning, increased blood oxygen levels, and reduced cholesterol and triglyceride levels, just to name a few.

Relieving stress with exercise also, of course, burns calories and helps to reduce body fat. Since most other anti-stress 'remedies' (especially pharmaceutical drugs, alcohol, and overeating) cause you to gain weight it's obvious that exercise is the best option.

Control Cortisol, Lose Weight

But, besides burning calories, there's another reason relieving stress with exercise helps you to reduce body fat. Exercise produces chemicals that help to lower cortisol production. Cortisol is a "stress hormone" that has gotten a lot of press lately because many new diet products claim to block it.

While the effectiveness of these products has yet to be proven, there is little doubt that controlling cortisol levels is a very important factor in weight loss and long-term weight control -- not to mention optimal health and fitness. Relieving stress with exercise is an absolutely fool-proof way to lower cortisol in the body.

Elevated cortisol levels are fully or partially responsible for everything from sugar and carb cravings to overeating to low energy levels... and more. Experts also believe that high cortisol production increases the amount of "toxic fat" stored on your body -- this is the abdominal fat that may trigger cardiovascular disease and inflammation-related health problems.

Summary

Relieving stress with exercise is, without a doubt, the best way to deal with your physical and mental tension. Not only will regular exercise reduce stress levels, it will also help you control how much cortisol your body produces. This, in turn, will help you to avoid food cravings, reduce dangerous abdominal fat, and basically feel much better. So, next time you feel stressed out, get up, get out, and start relieving stress with exercise!

]]> http://articles-collections.com/publishing/pat-test-label-with-barcode.html http://articles-collections.com/publishing/pat-test-label-with-barcode.html Mon, 24 Aug 2009 12:49:23 +0300
The first testing platform became known as Portable Appliance Testing (PAT), although the correct terminology is In-service Inspection and Testing of Electrical Equipment. The “portable” aspect refers to certain types of devices as well as to the testing equipment itself, which is often portable in nature. Originally, test results would be posted by means of a simple placard that would indicate either a “pass” or “fail” result. This method has evolved over the years to include a more thorough means of testing and reporting due to the increased sophistication in circuitry as electrical machines and components became more advanced in design.

Eventually, PAT test labels developed into a variety of possible types that would be used according to the device as well as to the required intervals needed to maintain safe operation of the particular device. Certain electrical appliances would only require an intermittent schedule for testing with a simple pass or fail message. Others would require a more frequent and intensive testing schedule due to its use in either a more active mode or in a more hazardous environment. A PAT test label with barcode was introduced later to take advantage of the ability to store information through a barcode.

The barcode medium allows for a wealth of information and functions when applied in a testing capacity. Generally, information about the history of a certain electrical component or tool before barcoding would be kept in a log or journal, which would be hand-written or typed. Additionally, the test label affixed to the device would carry only the current information regarding test results and safety status. A PAT test label with barcode is able to store not only the past record of inspections and repairs for a device, but the specifications of the particular device that aid in its testing.

The advent of barcoding is especially advantageous in those environments where a great number of electrical instruments or tools need to be tested frequently, such as in a manufacturing plant or hospital. The use of a sensing device that reads a PAT test label with barcode, such as a hand-held wand, can save a great deal of time. Additionally, a barcode system allows for reading of a PAT test label with barcode that may need to be affixed to a device or a cable that is out of easy reach for the inspector. The label can be scanned easily and past and current information can be entered into a memory device. ]]> http://articles-collections.com/publishing/cable-wrap-pat-labels.html http://articles-collections.com/publishing/cable-wrap-pat-labels.html Mon, 24 Aug 2009 12:41:21 +0300
The assortment of label types is due to the variation of types of electrical devices that are in use, including industrial machinery, hospital instruments, office computers, and tools used on construction sites. Each of these devices are used in different manners and at different rates, leading to a more expanded approach to testing and labeling. Some electrical equipment requires a frequent testing schedule, while others need only occasional examination to comply with mandated guidelines. Cable wrap PAT labels can be used in all instances, depending on the types of electrical components being used.

The more common application of cable wrap PAT labels will be on main leads to power supplies. This type of label is appropriate for tagging a single lead, as they are most often made with an adhesive backing that allows for cable wrap PAT labels to remain affixed to leads for long periods of time. This application can be used in many different scenarios, whether on the main power lead for a production machine in a manufacturing plant or attached to a computer workstation cable in an office setting.

The variations on the use of cable wrap PAT labels become apparent when more than one type of cable is tagged. Connection leads between a remote control device and its main panel in a factory setting may well have a cable wrap tag, as will the panel itself on its lead to the power supply. Additionally, a cutting tool on a construction site may have a cable wrap label affixed to its lead into the power box, as will the power box as it connects to its source of power.

Alternate variations regarding cable wrap PAT labels concern the information that is presented on the label itself. Some cables that receive a cable wrap tag may only contain a simple “pass” or “tested for electrical safety”, and the date and initials of the inspector. This would be the case for an electrical appliance, such as a computer, that only requires intermittent testing. Other devices will have a cable wrap label with full disclosure of the test date, the safety status, the next required test date, and the name of the inspector as well as their contact information, especially on devices that are used in work areas that present a higher hazard potential.

Cable wrap PAT labels are also available in different colors. This option affords the user to be able to differentiate between devices as to the frequency of testing required. For instance, a blue label may denote a two-year cycle, whereas a green label in the same work site may indicate the need for a 3-month interval between inspections. ]]> http://articles-collections.com/publishing/cable-wrap-pat-testing-labels.html http://articles-collections.com/publishing/cable-wrap-pat-testing-labels.html Mon, 24 Aug 2009 12:32:15 +0300
The appellation of “portable appliance” is somewhat misleading, as this set of testing criteria applies to both portable and stationary electrical devices. However, the naming of these regulations was meant to include the testing tools as well as the devices themselves. The application of test labels has resulted in a wide variety of label templates, including cable wrap PAT testing labels. This is due to the many different scenarios that the testing of electrical components and tools applies to.

Machines and instruments that are used in manufacturing and private business concerns, as well as in the public sector, must be verified to be within acceptable levels of safety. This is meant to be accomplished by different methods of testing that address the specific uses of electrical devices. For example, those machines that are used in manufacturing, such as production line components, run at a regular pace throughout their use cycle. Consequently, they require more frequent intervals of safety testing. They often consist of multiple types of circuitry as well, including main power leads. These main leads are often marked with cable wrap PAT testing labels.

The application of cable wrap labels is used most often for individual cables and leads. This is partially for reasons of practicality, due to the lack of available mounting space for a test label. Cable wrap PAT testing labels also tend to endure longer periods of use, since they are made with an adhesive backing that allows them to be firmly fixed in place. They also prevent any confusion that would take place if a label became unattached from a specific cable, which could lead to possibly hazardous conditions. Cable wrap PAT testing labels were invented for these reasons.

There are variations in the information provided on any test label, including cable wrap PAT testing labels. These variations are dictated by factors of the frequency of use and levels of possible hazard, depending on the environment in which the electrical device is used. Those environments where the possibility of serious health hazards exists, such as in chemical processing or where highly flammable materials are present, require that all electrical components be tested in frequent intervals. These labels will often display the date and results of the test, as well as the name and contact information of the testing entity. Additionally, the cable wrap PAT testing labels will cross-reference to journals or other record-keeping media that reflect the history of the device, including all inspections and any repairs or negative findings that are relevant to the safety of the device. ]]> http://articles-collections.com/publishing/pat-test-stickers.html http://articles-collections.com/publishing/pat-test-stickers.html Mon, 24 Aug 2009 12:03:23 +0300
The original method of inspecting electrically-powered machines and industrial tools basically involved a visual inspection and the posting of a placard to reflect the status of the device. This method was eventually updated to include the use of PAT test stickers as more devices came into use in manufacturing and in public applications as well. The proliferation of electrical components in a wide spectrum of applications led to the standardisation of testing and reporting procedures that depend upon the frequency of use, as well as the potential hazard to employees of a company or to the public-at-large.

The PAT methodology, more properly referred to as In-service Inspection and Testing of Electrical Equipment, includes the regular inspection of all the various types of electrical devices and a system of a visual reporting of the test results. The type of electrical device will dictate the type of testing performed, as well as the type of PAT test stickers used. Generally speaking, the larger appliances of a lesser degree of sophistication in circuitry, such as refrigerators, will require less frequent testing that focuses on the power lead itself. In these cases, a plug top PAT test sticker will be applied to the lead.

Devices of a more intricate or expansive circuitry design will require more frequent testing that includes examination of both the internal and external wiring of the device. Herein lies a certain unintended confusion as to the use of the term “portable appliance”, which can refer to the device or to the testing tool itself. The performance of a PAT test can apply to a permanently fixed machine as well as to a smaller electrical instrument or tool, such as an industrial drill or a component of a robotic assembly apparatus on a production line in a factory.

PAT test stickers are designed to accommodate a variety of testing procedures. In some cases, a regular visual inspection of a power lead is all that is required, as on a computer or a duplicating machine in an office environment. The sticker will be placed on the power lead plug or will be of the type of PAT test stickers that are wrapped around the lead and affixed by means of an adhesive backing. These stickers will have just the minimum amount of information, such as the date of the test and the identification of the testing entity.

PAT test stickers that allow for more in-depth information are often used on electrical devices that require more frequent and more thorough inspections, such as on hospital instruments or manufacturing components that are more sophisticated. The potential for very hazardous scenarios due to electrical fire, as in chemical manufacturing and processing, requires more intensive testing as well. PAT test stickers in these applications will provide the status of the device, including “pass”, “fail” or “do not use after (a certain date)”, as well as the name of the inspector, their ID number, their contact information, and the next required test date. ]]> http://articles-collections.com/publishing/plug-top-pat-test-labels.html http://articles-collections.com/publishing/plug-top-pat-test-labels.html Mon, 24 Aug 2009 11:55:23 +0300
PAT testing generally involves the discernment of the status of an appliance or device as to its safe operation. This testing will apply to either the circuitry within the device and its related components or to its connection to the power supply from which it derives its electricity. The need for a system of tracking the use and safety of a device has expanded due to the wider availability of all types of electrical tools and instruments, as well as to the advances in sophisticated circuitry required for the operation of the devices.

The evolution of a means of visually reporting the status of a device has gone from a simple sign or placard posted on a device to the current use of a variety of test labels. These labels are affixed to the device most often, yet there is also a need to apply a label to the lead plug itself in those cases in which the appliance or device is permanently plugged in to the power supply. In these instances, plug top PAT test labels will be used along with any labels affixed to the device itself.

Additionally, there are instances where a plug top PAT test label will be used due to a lack of space on an appliance or device where the label can be affixed without encumbering the use of the device. This is especially true for smaller types of manufacturing tools, such as industrial drills and shears or pneumatic wrenches. A test label will be affixed to the power plug itself rather than to the tool. The label will contain a sufficient amount of information to alert the user as to the safety status of the tool, such as the last date of testing or how long the tool can be used until the next test is due.

Larger electrical appliances and machines will often have a plug top PAT test label affixed to the power lead plug. This method allows for a test result to be displayed without affixing an excessive amount of labels to the appliance or machine. There is a secondary rationale behind the use of a plug top PAT test label in this application, in that the power lead for a major electrical appliance or machine endures less wear during its performance. Consequently, the lead will require fewer inspections.

Plug top PAT test labels are available in various templates. The most basic will display a simple message, such as “passed” or “tested for electrical safety”, while others will carry more information, such as the identification number of the inspector and the next testing date. ]]> http://articles-collections.com/publishing/pat-test-labels.html http://articles-collections.com/publishing/pat-test-labels.html Mon, 24 Aug 2009 11:46:53 +0300
The requirements for PAT test labels are established and monitored under the auspices of the Department of Environment Property and Services Agency through City and Guilds, the Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET) and the Health and Safety Executive (HSE). The guidelines that address the use of PAT test labels vary according to the frequency of use and potential of hazard for each electrical device. Additionally, the environment in which the device or appliance is used dictates the amount of required information on a test label, as well as the intervals of testing.

PAT test labels come in a variety of templates, due to the lack of a standardized labeling format. This is not a reflection of an inconsistency in regulating safety reporting as much as it is a response to the various scenarios in which electrical devices are used. Those devices found in a manufacturing environment, for instance, require a more frequent and a more thorough and precise inspection than those that are used in less stringent applications, such as offices or hotels. However, any situation in which electrical components are used on a regular basis, especially where high numbers of people are present, will require the application of PAT test labels.

The basic information on PAT test labels will address whether or not the device in question is safe for current usage. There are situations that only require a visual inspection of a device to ascertain its safety status, although this would be in the case of the most basic of electrical devices. However, the majority of appliances, tools, and devices that contain advanced circuitry will require a more involved testing procedure. For this purpose, there are several types of testing tools available from the most basic “pass/fail” type to more precise testing tools that address earth continuity and insulation resistance and polarity.

The PAT test labels most often used contain information about the availability of the tested device for use, as well as the date the test was performed. Other labels may indicate relevant information as to the date of the next suggested or required test, or how long the device may be used until it must be taken out of rotation until being tested. Some PAT test labels will only indicate that the device has been tested for electrical safety, which is a more presumptive report of its safety status. In all situations in which a test label is used, there will be some type of backlog or journal that provides a history of the status of the electrical appliance or device to which it is affixed for further reference. ]]> http://articles-collections.com/publishing/pat-testing-labels.html http://articles-collections.com/publishing/pat-testing-labels.html Mon, 24 Aug 2009 11:42:12 +0300
The PAT process (more correctly referred to as In-service Inspection and Testing of Electrical Equipment) addresses the condition of a all electrical appliances to ensure the safety of their use, whether portable or not. There are official guidelines, established and monitored by City and Guilds, that apply to electric devices that are used in manufacturing and other industrial processes. However, PAT testing in a less strict sense is applied to any environment where electrical devices are used, such as in hotels, schools, hospitals, and offices. PAT testing labels may or may not be evident in all of these environments.

The requirement for using PAT testing labels most often applies to those situations in which the devices being used present a greater hazard, depending on the workplace environment and number of people who would be affected by an electrical malfunction in the device. Examples of these types of environments are generally factories or other manufacturing businesses that are involved with substances that are more potentially hazardous, such as chemical processing.

PAT testing labels are an added assurance of safety in these environments.

PAT testing labels apply to three different categories of safety status for an electrical device: “Passed“, “Tested for Electrical Safety“, and “Do Not Use After”. These categories refer not only to the status of the device in question, but often apply to the integrity of the connection to the power supply as well. Hence, the PAT testing label affixed to an electrical appliance or tool may indicate a problem with the internal wiring or circuitry of that device or to its external wiring as well.

Testing of electrical devices focuses in general on the integrity of the earth bond, the insulation resistance, and the polarity of the device. This can be established by a visual inspection in some cases, where improper or debilitated wiring is readily apparent. In other cases, a testing tool that addresses the circuitry within or without a device or an appliance will be used. Testing devices may operate on a simple “pass/fail” mode, where any Earth or insulation resistance problem presents itself as a “fail” indicator. More precise and in-depth testing equipment may be used to examine the various phases of wiring in order to indicate what type of PAT testing labels are required.

PAT testing labels come in a variety of templates. The lack of an overriding legislation that standardizes guidelines for all electrical testing allows for a wide spectrum of information that will be found on PAT testing labels. Even the most basic of test labels, however, will provide a sufficient status report that will indicate whether or not the electrical device is safe for use. Additionally, the minimum information presented on a test label, such as a pass or a fail, will most often show the date of the test as an aid in preventing further use of a suspected inferior device.

The other options that are available in PAT testing labels are generally aesthetic in nature. Some manufacturers of PAT testing labels design their products to be more easily read from a distance, with larger lettering or by using symbols to represent the status of the label along with the lettering. Some labels are made of more durable material to assure readability for a longer period of time. There are also labels that come with a laminating system that can be applied over the testing label after the appropriate information has been applied to the label. Still others are self-adhesive, which are often used to wrap around a cable, such as the main lead to the power supply. ]]> http://articles-collections.com/publishing/eco-friendly-products-sri-lanka.html http://articles-collections.com/publishing/eco-friendly-products-sri-lanka.html Tue, 21 Jul 2009 12:33:30 +0300 Akhtari Trades (Pvt) Ltd , established in 1967, is a fully family owned company it was one of the few companies who manufactured plastic products at that time. In 1983 it ventured into polyethylene manufacturing to cater to the growing tea industry in Sri Lanka, with the growing trend in the world market demanding quality packaging.
We are providing a wide range of packaging films to meet different requirements. Our extensive range includes flexible packaging films for Detergent & Cosmetics, Dairy & Marine, Dry Fruits, Spices & Pulses, Edible Oil & Ghee, Hot & Frozen Foods Packaging and Pharmaceutical products
Our company ventured into flexible packaging in the year 2001 with a fully fledged flexible packaging division with ultra modern factory and state of the art machines. Today we are able to cater to our clients with innovative packaging to compete with multinational brands in Sri Lanka and abroad.
Our clientele includes most of the top 10 tea exporters in Sri Lanka and also some of the largest confectioneries and food packing companies.
In addition we also export to some of our overseas clients in United Kingdom, Turkey, Dubai and the European Union countries; we also handle entrapper shipments for European buyers with all local logistics and services.
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